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Transformer fire in a substation If a fire occurs as a result of a failure in a transformer, then the. Read more
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What happens when a transformer fire occurs in a substation
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Should you choose fixed or withdrawable medium voltage switchgear?
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Fixed or withdrawable medium voltage switchgear? How to make the right choice between fixed or withdrawable medium voltage switchgear when. Read more
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8 steps to follow in power substation design and engineering
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Substation design and engineering Building a new substation or retrofitting the old one is a complex process full of design. Read more
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7 typical layout designs of 11kV indoor distribution substation
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11kV Indoor distribution substation The following layout designs of indoor distribution substation are typical only and should not be used. Read more
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Problems with audible substation noise and what you can do about it
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Audible substation noise Audible substation noise, particularly continuously radiated discrete tones (e.g., from power transformers), is the type of noise. Read more
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Paralleling and ferroresonance as special problems with transformers
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Paralleling transformers Occasionally, crews must install distribution transformers, either at a changeover or for extra capacity. If a larger bank. Read more
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Gas insulated substation (GIS) versus Air insulated substation (AIS)
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Gas insulated substation (GIS) design The metal-enclosed gas insulated switchgear inherently follows the criteria for new substation design and offers. Read more
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The principles of differential protection you MUST understand
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Differential protection Although nowadays differential protection is achieved numerically, in order to understand the principles of differential protection it is. Read more
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A case study of 110/10 kV substation with centralized protection, automation and control system
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Centralized substation protection and control Centralized substation protection and control has been attempted in the past based on the available. Read more
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Four design criteria for human machine interface (HMI) in a substation
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Human machine interface (HMI) With the introduction of IEDs (Intelligent Electronic Devices), the traditional switchboard interface is being replaced by. Read more
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The analysis of four network schemes in terms of reliability and protection
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Defining network requirements Before sizing an electric network, the single-line diagram of the electric network must be defined on the. Read more
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Typical power supply schemes for standby and production generator sets
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The main types of prime movers used in engine driven generator sets for industrial sites and commercial buildings are Diesel engines, gas turbines, and steam turbines. Turbines are used mainly for production... Read more
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Dangerous magnetic field exposure near transformer substation in the building
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Transformer substations located close to the living areas could induce high long-term exposures to extremely low frequency magnetic fields of nearby inhabitants. Some of the researches have shown increased risk to childhood... Read more
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4 medium voltage switching equipment for primary substation installations
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This technical article covers the medium voltage switching equipment intended mainly for primary substation installations. The target is to give some basic knowledge and difference between 4 main piece of MV switching... Read more
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Three abnormal situations leading to an uncontrolled release of SF6 gas
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This technical article deals with the assessment of risk to personnel in the case of an abnormal situation leading to an uncontrolled release of SF6 gas into the atmosphere. Generally , such... Read more
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3 greatest enemies to the transformer operation (and how to prevent them)
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The principal object of transformer maintenance is to maintain the insulation in good condition. Moisture, dust and excessive heat are the main reasons of insulation deterioration and avoidance of these... Read more
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MV network diagrams for feeding secondary switchboards and MV/LV transformers
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Let’s take a look at the main MV network diagrams and structures used to feed secondary switchboards and MV/LV transformers. The complexity of the diagrams differs, depending on the level... Read more
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10 equipment you MUST recognize in every distribution substation
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Distribution substation is a substation from which electric supply is distributed to the different users. In a substation there are numbers of incoming and outgoing circuits each having its isolator,... Read more
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The essentials of MV/HV magnetic voltage transformers
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Magnetic voltage transformers are used to provide a secondary signal that is proportional to the actual prevailing primary value. These signals are used to supply measuring instruments, meters, relays and... Read more
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How to specify real service conditions for LV/MV equipment inside a substation
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The various service conditions for the MV equipment inside substation are linked to the design of the installation, the design of the operating room, the site and the application surrounding... Read more
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